The Physics of:
|
|
WHAT THIS MEANS
ACCELERATION:
the rate of change of velocity (speeding up/slowing down)
acceleration=change in velocity/change in time (meters/seconds squared)
due to gravity: gravity is a force between two objects directly proportional to their mass and one over the distance between them
FORCE:
push/pull on an object
Force=mass(acceleration)
Newtons (unit of force)=kilograms(meters)/seconds squared
CENTER OF GRAVITY:
a point from which the weight of a body or system may be considered to act (same as center of mass in uniform gravity)
HORIZONTAL VELOCITY:
rate at which an object moves in relation to the earth
horizontal velocity=distance/time
VERTICAL VELOCITY:
rate at which an object moves up and down controlled by acceleration due to gravity (9.8 meters/second)
IMPULSE:
the strength and time of impact/shove on an object
impulse=Force(time)
measured in Joules
ANGULAR MOMENTUM:
how much an object wants to keep rotating (closely related to classic momentum)
the rate of change of velocity (speeding up/slowing down)
acceleration=change in velocity/change in time (meters/seconds squared)
due to gravity: gravity is a force between two objects directly proportional to their mass and one over the distance between them
FORCE:
push/pull on an object
Force=mass(acceleration)
Newtons (unit of force)=kilograms(meters)/seconds squared
CENTER OF GRAVITY:
a point from which the weight of a body or system may be considered to act (same as center of mass in uniform gravity)
HORIZONTAL VELOCITY:
rate at which an object moves in relation to the earth
horizontal velocity=distance/time
VERTICAL VELOCITY:
rate at which an object moves up and down controlled by acceleration due to gravity (9.8 meters/second)
IMPULSE:
the strength and time of impact/shove on an object
impulse=Force(time)
measured in Joules
ANGULAR MOMENTUM:
how much an object wants to keep rotating (closely related to classic momentum)
THE PHYSICS
Water bottle flipping is an action that is changed and adapted by each individual who participates, due to preference, style and comfort. Our group took the average flip of Joaquin, one of my group members to calculate the ideal physics that contribute to the action. When throwing the bottle, you will need a force of approximately 19.142 Newtons, or 4.3 pounds, to attain enough momentum for the bottle to rotate. We reached this final calculation by using the equation Force=mass(acceleration) and substituted the mass of the liquid and the acceleration of the bottle in to multiply 5.63 ounces(3.4 meters/second). The bottle needs to reach a height of about 0.615 meters when completely vertical to the surface you are flipping the container onto. This will use the acceleration due to gravity of 9.8 meters/second to pull the bottle upright as it falls and lands, controlling the unpredictable force of the bottle and keeping the bottle from tipping over. To find how long the bottle took to reach maximum height , we used the equation distance=1/2(acceleration)(time)^2, substituting what measurements we had to get .615 meters=1/2(9.8 meters/second)(time)^2 to find a time of 0.35 seconds. To find the vertical velocity, we used the equation of velocity=acceleration(time) and substituted to find the equation velocity=9.8 meters/second(0.35 seconds) and got 3.4 meters/second, or 7.6 miles/hour. Horizontal velocity was a component we tried to eliminate as much as possible, but the bottle still moves a total of about 1.2 meters over the span of the flip. However, the velocity of this movement has no effect on the flip and should be minimized to close to zero. To find momentum, we used the equation momentum=mass(velocity) to multiply 5.64 ounces times 3.4 meters/second to get 19.176 kilograms times meters/second. We found the bottle's impulse by using impulse=Force(time) and substituted to multiply 19.142 N(0.7 seconds) to get 13.4 Ns. The force of impact is almost exactly the same as the force of the throw, due to the pull of gravity and the constant mass of the liquid within the bottle. With these calculations, we found the perfect way to flip a water bottle through physics.
REFLECTION
I was definitely skeptical going into this project, considering water bottle flipping was not a sporting action I considered one of great importance. My group eventually convinced me to agree and we began the process. I found that our group grew greatly over time from the start to finish of the video. In the beginning of the process with brainstorming, our group had an idea of what we wanted to do, but procrastinated on the calculations and filming. Eventually, our efficiency greatly increased as the due date was close, our work rate feeling as if it had doubled. However, our laziness in the beginning made finishing the project rather stressful, resulting in a rather large amount of work to be done rather quickly. I found this problem was definitely something that we need to improve on as a group. If focus was a higher priority, I believe that our group would have had a much more consistent work load. Lack of discipline led to an extreme amount of individual work that had to be completed outside of class. Editing and final touches were left until last minute, and had to be completed at home.
Our group actually clicked surprisingly well, making cooperation and listening to one another rather easy. When given a set of instructions, all members completed their task quickly with determination to do so. Voice overs for the video were tedious to line up timing wise with the footage, but we managed to complete the narration exactly how we wanted to in much less time that we had anticipated. We also were very enthusiastic about the project as a whole. Water bottle flipping is a very popular, current trend on our school campus, motivating our group to produce the best video possible. We also all ended up really enjoying perfecting the action. My incredulous mindset eventually turned to complete support, for I found the physics behind water bottle flipping interesting and complicated. I am thankful to have experienced such a fascinating project with an amazing group of peers!
Our group actually clicked surprisingly well, making cooperation and listening to one another rather easy. When given a set of instructions, all members completed their task quickly with determination to do so. Voice overs for the video were tedious to line up timing wise with the footage, but we managed to complete the narration exactly how we wanted to in much less time that we had anticipated. We also were very enthusiastic about the project as a whole. Water bottle flipping is a very popular, current trend on our school campus, motivating our group to produce the best video possible. We also all ended up really enjoying perfecting the action. My incredulous mindset eventually turned to complete support, for I found the physics behind water bottle flipping interesting and complicated. I am thankful to have experienced such a fascinating project with an amazing group of peers!